East West Math http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm en-US East West Math STRUCTURES OF POWER DIGRAPHS ASSOCIATED WITH xpk ≡ y (mod n) WHERE p IS AN ODD PRIME http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm/article/view/485 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Let </span><span class="fontstyle2">k </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2">n </span><span class="fontstyle0">be positive integers and </span><span class="fontstyle2">p </span><span class="fontstyle0">be an odd prime. A power </span><span class="fontstyle0">digraph </span><span class="fontstyle2">G</span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">p</span><span class="fontstyle3">k</span><span class="fontstyle2">; n</span><span class="fontstyle0">) for which the vertex set is </span><span class="fontstyle4">f</span><span class="fontstyle0">0</span><span class="fontstyle2">; </span><span class="fontstyle0">1</span><span class="fontstyle2">; </span><span class="fontstyle0">2</span><span class="fontstyle2">; : : : ; n </span><span class="fontstyle4">- </span><span class="fontstyle0">1</span><span class="fontstyle4">g </span><span class="fontstyle0">and (</span><span class="fontstyle2">u; v</span><span class="fontstyle0">) </span><span class="fontstyle0">is a directed edge from a vertex </span><span class="fontstyle2">u </span><span class="fontstyle0">to a vertex </span><span class="fontstyle2">v </span><span class="fontstyle0">if </span><span class="fontstyle2">u</span><span class="fontstyle3">p</span><span class="fontstyle5">k </span><span class="fontstyle4">≡ </span><span class="fontstyle2">v </span><span class="fontstyle0">(mod </span><span class="fontstyle2">n</span><span class="fontstyle0">). We </span><span class="fontstyle0">study the structures of this power digraphs. Moreover, we provide some interesting results when </span><span class="fontstyle2">p </span><span class="fontstyle0">is 3</span><span class="fontstyle2">; </span><span class="fontstyle0">5 or 7.</span></p> Ratinan Boonklurb Pinkaew Siriwong Copyright (c) 2024 East West Math 2024-02-27 2024-02-27 24 2 78 88 EXISTENCE OF THREE WEAK SOLUTIONS FOR THE KIRCHHOFF-TYPE PROBLEM WITH MIXED BOUNDARY CONDITION IN A VARIABLE SOBOLEV SPACE http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm/article/view/486 <p><span class="fontstyle0">In this paper, we consider the Kirchhoff-type problem for a class of nonlinear operators containing </span><span class="fontstyle2">p</span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle3">·</span><span class="fontstyle0">)-Laplacian and mean curvature operator with mixed boundary conditions. More precisely, we are concerned with the problem with the Dirichlet condition on a part of the boundary and the Steklov boundary condition on an another part of the boundary. We show the existence of at least three weak solutions according to hypotheses on given functions and values of parameters.</span></p> Junichi Aramaki Copyright (c) 2024 East West Math 2024-02-27 2024-02-27 24 2 89 118 ON THE COFINITENESS OF IN DIMENSION < 2 LOCAL COHOMOLOGY MODULES FOR A PAIR OF IDEALS http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm/article/view/487 <p><span class="fontstyle0">In this note, we prove the cofiniteness of local cohomology modules </span><span class="fontstyle2">H</span><span class="fontstyle3">i I;J</span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">N</span><span class="fontstyle0">) with respect to a pair of ideals (</span><span class="fontstyle2">I; J</span><span class="fontstyle0">) for all </span><span class="fontstyle2">i &lt; t </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle0">the finiteness of (0 :</span><span class="fontstyle3">H</span><span class="fontstyle4">t I;J </span><span class="fontstyle5">(</span><span class="fontstyle3">N</span><span class="fontstyle5">) </span><span class="fontstyle2">I</span><span class="fontstyle0">) and Ext</span><span class="fontstyle5">1 </span><span class="fontstyle3">R</span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">R=I; H</span><span class="fontstyle3">I;J t </span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">N</span><span class="fontstyle0">)) provided that</span></p> <p><span class="fontstyle0">Ext</span><span class="fontstyle3">i R</span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">R=I; N</span><span class="fontstyle0">) is finitely generated for all </span><span class="fontstyle2">i </span><span class="fontstyle6">≤ </span><span class="fontstyle2">t </span><span class="fontstyle0">+ 1 and </span><span class="fontstyle2">H</span><span class="fontstyle3">I;J i </span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle2">N</span><span class="fontstyle0">) is in dimension </span><span class="fontstyle2">&lt; </span><span class="fontstyle0">2 for all </span><span class="fontstyle2">i &lt; t</span><span class="fontstyle0">, where </span><span class="fontstyle2">t </span><span class="fontstyle6">≥ </span><span class="fontstyle0">1 is an integer (here, </span><span class="fontstyle2">N </span><span class="fontstyle0">is not necessarily finitely generated over </span><span class="fontstyle2">R</span><span class="fontstyle0">). This extends the results of Bahmanpour-Naghipour [5, Thm 2.6], Bahmanpour-Naghipour-Sedghi [4, Thm 2.8] and H-N [16, Thm 1.1].</span> </p> Ngo Thi Ngoan Nguyen Van Hoang Nguyen Huy Hoang Copyright (c) 2024 East West Math 2024-02-27 2024-02-27 24 2 118 127 PICARD OPERATORS IN STRONG b-TVS CONE METRIC SPACES http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm/article/view/488 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Let </span><span class="fontstyle2">X </span><span class="fontstyle0">be a topological space. A mapping </span><span class="fontstyle2">T </span><span class="fontstyle0">: </span><span class="fontstyle2">X </span><span class="fontstyle3">! </span><span class="fontstyle2">X </span><span class="fontstyle0">is called a Picard operator if </span><span class="fontstyle2">T </span><span class="fontstyle0">has a unique fixed point ¯ </span><span class="fontstyle2">x </span><span class="fontstyle3">2 </span><span class="fontstyle2">X </span><span class="fontstyle0">and for any </span><span class="fontstyle2">x </span><span class="fontstyle3">2 </span><span class="fontstyle2">X</span><span class="fontstyle0">, the sequence of iterates </span><span class="fontstyle3">f</span><span class="fontstyle2">T </span><span class="fontstyle4">n</span><span class="fontstyle2">x</span><span class="fontstyle3">g </span><span class="fontstyle0">converge to ¯ </span><span class="fontstyle2">x</span><span class="fontstyle0">. In this paper, we give new results concerning the existence of Picard operators in strong </span><span class="fontstyle2">b</span><span class="fontstyle0">-TVS cone metric space. Our result is an extension of Sh. Rezapuor and R. Hamlbarani [19]</span> </p> Bui The Hung Doan Trong Hieu Copyright (c) 2024 East West Math 2024-02-27 2024-02-27 24 2 128 135 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY FOR DIGITAL ERA: REVIEW OF MATHEMATICAL THINKING AND COMPUTATIONAL THINKING FOR CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT http://eastwestmath.org/index.php/ewm/article/view/489 <p><span class="fontstyle0">In the Era of AI and Data Science under the fourth industrial revolution, Mathematical Capitalism (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan., 2019 [32]) becomes a key issue in Education up to higher education in this changing society. Mathematical Thinking provides the grand for Informatics as a school subject that develops computational thinking. This article confirmed mathematics as the key literacy subject in school and re-viewed it as universal literacy in the era through the confirmation of mathematical thinking and value are a necessary component of general competency in the era. This claim is illustrated by the historical meaning of mathematics, the current aims of mathematics education, and re-viewed the meaning of mathematics education for the digital society <br></span></p> Maitree Inprasitha Masami Isoda Roberto Araya Copyright (c) 2024 East West Math 2024-02-27 2024-02-27 24 2 136 154